The Spirit (November 3, 1940) “The Manly Art of Self Defense”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

The splash page is Ellen Dolan with a black eye, reading The Manly Art of Self Defense. Given Ellen’s last appearance in the strip, it’s a sensational and not unconcerning opener. But it’ll all work out, with Self Defense possibly the best Spirit strip so far.

We open in Wildwood Cemetery, Spirit running into the crypt, begging Ebony to hide him. Ebony wonders what could have the Spirit so scared… why, it’s just Ellen Dolan. She’s told the Spirit she loves him and he’s run away. She decides to catch a criminal to prove herself worthy of his attention.

Except the criminal she goes to catch is dead, and an enforcer is just arriving to find her there. Luckily, the Spirit convinces the thug Ellen’s not the killer, except she then wants to identify herself as the commissioner’s daughter, which would complicate matters.

The Spirit will eventually find the killer, defeat the gangsters, and generally save the day. Ellen will get that black eye. And, then, in the glorious last page, pay the shiner back in full. Along the way, there are multiple action and suspense sequences. The line work is gorgeous, as are all the shadowy panels. Eisner and studio really go for mood this strip and it pays off. They also play with color in the last action scene, setting it in the dark (blue), and it’s a dynamite visual. The Spirit’s got a lot of gangsters to get through before the day’ll be saved. The strip’s seven pages, not including the splash, and three of those pages are superlative. The flow between the panels, the change in angles and distance, the expressions, the fisticuffs… it’s all just fantastic.

But what will put it over is how the strip deals with that first plot line—Spirit and Ellen—things have gotten a little more complicated and there’s not exactly a lot of time to wrap it. Still, Eisner leaves the couple’s relationship in a far more interesting place than it’s ever been before. And without being crappy to Ellen.

Maybe minus her naïveté in going after the criminal at the beginning (the strip has forgotten she’s in school to be a criminal psychologist or whatever).

Anyway.

Manly’s a beautiful piece of work.

The Spirit (October 27, 1940) “Conscription Bill Signed”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

It’s a good thing Spirit cleared his name since he needs Dolan’s official recommendation this strip.

FDR has just signed the Selective Training and Service Act—a peacetime draft—and, being a good jingoist, the Spirit wants to sign up. He’s got some conditions, however. He doesn’t want to reveal his identity and he wants to be put to good use (based on his skills).

The Army thinks he’ll make a good espionage agent, especially when the Spirit immediately uncovers a spy in the Army recruitment office. As a try-out for the Army, he roots out the rest of the spies, who call him “Americano” but also have guys named Adolf. Spirit still isn’t willing to be specific about which foreign powers are the baddies.

The action’s pretty straightforward, with Spirit tracking the bad guys back to their hideout and taking them out. He’s got Ebony along for backup, so there’s some comedy action involving Ebony flying the autoplane and seeing trouble on the ground.

Dolan’s particularly pissy about Spirit this strip. Dolan’s jealous about Spirit breaking all the big cases, a bit of character development Eisner’s had on a slow boil for a while now, though it never made sense when Dolan was lowkey protecting the Spirit from the rest of the police force.

The jealousy just leads to banter—and whining—as the Army comes to realize having the Spirit on the payroll will work out, after all.

While it’s an interesting attempt at being timely—though the draft was for twenty-one to forty-five and the Spirit says it’s just until thirty-five, so they needed some copy-editing—it’s also just propaganda. At times well-illustrated propaganda, to be sure, but there’s no oompf to the story.

And Spirit mansplaining the United States being the only place on Earth where a man can live in freedom and peace to Ebony (thankfully in long shot in one of those pretty propaganda panels) is one hell of a flex.

The Spirit (October 20, 1940) “Ogre Goran”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

It’s another slighter strip, with the Spirit rescuing a damsel in distress from her ex (the titular Ogre Goran), a psychopath who’s just escaped prison.

The opening is the prison break and it’s relatively solid business. The line work is wanting this strip, but the moody long shots of the action are still effective. The action shifts to the damsel, Mary, discussing Ogre’s prison break with her husband. Since it’s a comic strip, Ogre appears immediately following her statement, shooting her husband dead on the spot and ready to kidnap her. Luckily, Mary dowses him in alcohol and sets him (and the apartment) on fire.

Now, we know Ogre gets away because he gets in the shower and turns on the cold water. Also, there’s a panel (maybe the least discernible in the series to date) of Ogre getting away.

Fast forward a few days to Ebony trying to get the Spirit interested in the case. After initially discounting Ebony’s thoughts on Ogre’s survival (Spirit thought the shower was only running because someone wanted a bath), the Spirit agrees with Ebony’s conclusions—Ogre’s alive!

The Spirit tries to find Mary, only to learn she’s gone away with a man entirely wrapped in bandages. Ogre, post-burns. Thanks to Commissioner Dolan giving him information about Ogre’s old hideouts, Spirit heads (by boat) to an abandoned lighthouse where Ogre’s got to be holding Mary. Dolan heads to the lighthouse, too, wanting to beat the Spirit to the punch.

Spirit’s only cleared his “name” of a murder charge in last week’s strip, so Dolan competing with him doesn’t make much sense. It also doesn’t make sense how Spirit gets to the lighthouse by boat, but then his boat disappears and he can’t take it back to shore at the end of the strip.

Also nonsensical is Ogre having a new wife, who can—presumably, more appropriately—beat up Mary.

We don’t even get to see Spirit and Ogre’s fisticuffs.

Not a lot of pay-off in the strip, though it’s nice to see Ebony developing as a sidekick.

It’s also the dottiest the art’s been in ages. The line work gains slide back here.

The Spirit (October 13, 1940) “The Spirit! Who Is He?”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

The splash page for this strip is a newspaper article about the Daily Press declaring its mission to uncover the Spirit’s identity. The article gives a rundown of (some of) the strip so far, including the Spirit being wanted for murder.

That murder will get discussed a few more times—and its “solving” is so simple one wonders why the Spirit waited so long to get it cleared up—and Eisner and studio clearly did not think all their readers were getting through that newspaper article. Every time it comes up, we get extra exposition on the subject. At one point, the mayor makes Commissioner Dolan tell him all about the murder charge only to remember he was in that scene so knows all the information.

Separate from the Spirit’s quest to clear his name, a gangster decides to impersonate the Spirit (all it takes is a blue suit, after all) to commit crimes and taunt the police. Oh, and the Daily Press reporter—in from the war in Europe, but this story’s bigger—gets help from a cop to uncover Spirit’s secrets.

The three subplots never quite converge—the reporter’s adventures stay mostly distinct except when the plot needs to move along a little—and then Dolan gets the ending. In some ways, it’s an entirely functional strip: the Spirit’s (false) murder charge gets resolved. Along the way there’s some humor at the reporter’s expense (Ebony’s contribution) and a variety of action. Besides the Spirit going around town, the gangster impersonating him is out causing trouble. It all leads to some glorious fisticuffs.

While the strip itself isn’t particularly ambitious, Eisner has several art flexes. The repetitive exposition usually gets some inventive panel composition. Even with the heavy-handed finish (Dolan talking about the Spirit being the dark knight the city deserves), it all works out. The art and narrative choices put the relatively slight story over.

The Spirit (October 6, 1940) “The Mastermind Strikes”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

The Spirit tries—very gently—a “whodunit,” with the reader getting as much information as Spirit or the cops; more, actually. The whodunit aspect seems half-baked, similar to the rest of the strip. While The Mastermind avoids any of Spirit’s problematic pitfalls, it’s also barely a story.

The strip opens with a mayoral candidate’s aide dying by poison gas, which the coroner can’t figure out. When the candidate visits Dolan to demand action, the Spirit shows up and the candidate remembers Spirit’s wanted for that murder from months ago. The candidate demands Dolan arrest the Spirit, but obviously the Spirit escapes.

One more murder and then the “Mastermind” is after the Spirit too, hiring a kid to deliver a bomb to him. Spirit will enlist the kid’s help, intentionally putting him in harm’s way at one point, as he unravels the case. Except he’s just operating off that early clue the reader also got, so it’s not a lot of unraveling.

The last few pages have the Spirit getting in a fight with the villain. Lots of empty backgrounds as they punch it out. Even the finish is slight, with Eisner and studio wrapping the whole thing in the last couple panels, including the villain’s motives. Given the strip starts promising a “Mastermind”—standing over a pile of skulls on the splash page—having the villain not just be a done-in-one, but also be far from devious and really just in possession of explosives and poisons the cops can’t identify.

There are some nice establishing shot panels of the city—long shots with good angles and nice line work. The action at the end is fine; it just dawdles through action and hurries through the exposition.

Even as the least impressive of Spirit so far, it’s still rock solid work, technically speaking. Eisner just seems like he’s run out of things to try this one.

Outside that gorgeous splash page, of course.

The Spirit (September 29, 1940) “Oriental Agents”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

Despite the (already) ominous title, Oriental Agents’ main cringe-factor doesn’t involve the titular spies. Instead, wow, does The Spirit think very little of Ellen Dolan, and in general, the female of the species.

The strip begins with Ellen dumping Homer Creep (née Creap) because he’s not the Spirit. Homer goes off and gets drunk, gets picked up by a spy, and kidnapped. Ellen’s mortified at the thought of him… finding another woman. Just because she doesn’t want him doesn’t mean she wants some other girl having him.

This generally gross vibe continues throughout the strip, whether when Ellen tries to tag along with the Spirit to investigate or when she gets to the resolution and finds no one cares about her feminine wiles.

The spies—from the “Asiatic Embassy”—kidnapped Homer to hypnotize him and get him to kill an industrialist. Despite them being the title characters, until the Spirit arrives at their lair—a remote castle—they’re barely around. Most of the time is spent with Ellen, Homer, or the Spirit. Dolan’s got a little time fretting over Ellen’s romantic decisions and expositing about Homer being a murderer (he’s not the first guy they’ve hypnotized into murder). Ebony’s also around for a few panels; he was out doing investigating for the Spirit, who isn’t as disinterested in the case as he conveys to Ellen. He just doesn’t want to be cleaning up her love life.

Once it’s clear their cases are entwined, Spirit will relent and take Ellen along in his pursuit. That pursuit will involve the Spirit putting on a disguise. The disguise is on his face: muss to make him look old and a ruffled hat. Otherwise he does not change his blue suit. No one can recognize him with that face makeup, despite him wearing the same suit as the scene before.

It’s an okay strip, certainly the least in a while. While the Oriental aspects of the story seem like they should be in the spotlight, they’re very mild. Ellen being an unlikable, shallow harpy, however, is a problem. Especially since the strip itself seems to dislike her.

Big “he-man woman haters club” energy here.

The Spirit (September 22, 1940) “Gang Warfare”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

The entire strip seems to be just a way to do a panel of Spirit with a Tommy gun taking out the mob. It’s a striking visual, and the strip itself is solid, but Gang Warfare is more like Gang Meddling.

The strip opens with the Spirit saving a gangster from getting rubbed out. Spirit helps him get away—to meet later in Wildwood Cemetery—and deals with the other crooks, then running himself to escape the police because he’s a wanted man (something the strip doesn’t exactly remember as much as not address).

The crook meeting the Spirit in Wildwood is just a way for the Spirit to meet the crime boss, who will then turn out to be the head of an anti-crime society organization. So, eventually, it’ll all be about Spirit trying to take out a corrupt businessman.

One with friends in city hall, which means Commissioner Dolan’s working both sides of the street. The mayor is sure his pal isn’t a crook, Dolan’s sure the Spirit wouldn’t steer them wrong.

Eventually, it leads to limited gang-busting action sequences, with more emphasis on Spirit (and Dolan) uncovering the boss’s guilt.

Ebony will have a fairly significant role in the resolution, since he’s the only friend the Spirit’s got (as Dolan can’t take too active a part; Spirit’s still wanted for murder, after all). It’s another of those strange “Ebony’s a cute character but looks like Confederate propaganda” vibes. The racism hurts the comedic sidekick potential.

There’s also a very strange sequence—entirely done in extreme long shot—where the Spirit pulls a gun on the crime boss in public, presumably to force a confession, only to immediately give it up when someone tells him such behavior’s illegal. For a thin strip, strung together between set pieces, Warfare does all right.

The Spirit (September 15, 1940) “Ebony’s X-Ray Eyes”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

Ebony’s X-Ray Eyes show the problem with caricature, racist and otherwise. At the start of the strip, Ebony gets some of the Spirit’s x-ray juice in his eyes and can see through things. He quickly happens across some crooks who’ve decided to go into the crooked optometry racket. Once they meet Ebony and get a load of his peepers, however, they decide to become bank robbers.

Spirit discovers the lair in a mess (assuming Ebony’s been kidnapped and didn’t just have a damaging reaction to the x-ray juice) and starts tracking Ebony down. Now, Spirit’s not going to learn exactly what happened until the last page or so—and it might be more implied than explicit—so he’s just going to luck into conclusions and discoveries. He’s assuming Ebony’s been kidnapped along with the x-ray juice—the x-ray juice being the prize here.

Ebony will have some ups and downs with the first set of crooks, who will pass him off to a second set pretty quickly. It’s about young Ebony being moved from one traumatizing situation or another. Eisner and studio address that situation in the writing, albeit with more humor than angst, but the reader’s clearly supposed to be sympathetic to Ebony’s plight. Except then he’s rendered as usual, in a racist caricature one wouldn’t want to describe objectively in polite company.

Once Ebony realizes the Spirit is trying to stop the crooks, he takes (some) matters into his own hands, with the rest working out in payroll (i.e. criminals being a superstitious and cowardly lot and not ready for the Spirit). Ebony’s got agency, eventually, even though his clumsiness is a principal characteristic.

Outside being horrifically visually racist, it’s a good strip. It’s well-paced and the comic relief (one of the crooks) is good; Spirit is proving it can scale big action to small and stay nimble with its genres.

The Spirit (September 8, 1940) “The Return of Orang, The Ape That Is Human”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

Despite the immediate follow-up to last strip, we still don’t get a big Spirit versus Orang scene. Spirit will track Orang to the ends of the Earth (well, Sumatra), but they never have a real, intellectual or physical showdown. Instead, they’re still in slightly different stories; ships passing in the night.

The strip opens with Spirit recounting last week’s conclusion—Orang is apparently dead, at his own hand. No real mention of him killing his creator, which is important since after Orang drags himself out of the river and to a doctor, he’s ready to be released on his own recognizance. His suicide attempt last strip came after he killed his creator, but he’s forgotten that guilt. And no one’s looking for the mad scientist.

Or at least not Commissioner Dolan, who goes to the doctor’s to see the talking ape. Dolan can’t come up with a reason to hold Orang, so instead, he offers him a place to crash while Dolan tries to find a law Orang’s existence violates.

Bored of waiting and seeing an opportunity after Ellen Dolan comes in and passes out at the sight of him, Orang kidnaps her and heads back to the jungle to rule among the lower apes.

All of these events occur in the first four pages of the strip (including the splash page); the remainder is the Spirit tracking Ellen and Orang through the Sumatran jungle and getting involved in the politics of Orang’s found tribe. Now, those politics involve fights to the death and the Spirit tied to a stake, but they’re just political squabbles. Spirit and Ellen are in a riff on a Tarzan story, complete with swinging on vines and (unlikely) punch outs with orangutans.

Then the finale—weeks and weeks after the start of the strip—gives Ellen and Spirit their first private moment (despite implying, you know, weeks and weeks of them).

Orang remains a very sympathetic villain and shirtless Spirit hacking through the jungle is definitely a vibe, so it all works out quite well. It’s just too bad Orang and Spirit never got to talk philosophy.

The Spirit (September 1, 1940) “Orang, The Ape-Man”

Will Eisner (editor, script, pencils, inks)

Joe Kubert (colors)

Sam Rosen (letters)

Orang is a Frankenstein story from the monster’s perspective. The Spirit is still around, but he doesn’t have anything to do with the actual action of the strip. Instead, it’s the sad tale of Orang, an orangutan, turned into a being with human-level intelligence thanks to a mad scientist.

Eisner and studio do a fabulous job setting up the story. There’s a scientist arriving from war-torn Europe, escaped and ready to reunite with his daughter, Elsa, in his friend’s care. Little does Elsa’s father know his friend is a fiend and has used parts of Elsa’s brain to make Orang smarter. He has left Elsa a savage.

So we get a cave girl and an orangutan in a suit for the action here. There ought to be more tripping on tropes, but somehow there isn’t. Eisner avoids sentimentality, even as horrifying tragedies unfold, even as Orang comes to the realization he does not want the burden of reason, and begs his creator for mercy.

There’s some excellent art. Lots of establishing panels this strip, setting the stage, but also giving Eisner a chance to summarize in long shot. The strip’s rapidly paced; once Orang decides he wants to devolve, it’s pretty much all action. Fight, chase, fight, tragic finish, with the Spirit only arriving to provide commentary on the sad situation.

Without ever having met Orang himself.

The Spirit’s subplot is very moody. He gets drawn into Elsa’s father’s troubles, having gone to meet the scientist to ask about some experiments. Long shadows as he enters and exits through balconies and so on. The father’s anguish gets some attention, too. Not verbalized like Orang’s will be, but very carefully visualized. Orang’s got its Frankenstein ambitions and whatnot, but the strip excels because of the craft on display, where Eisner and studio flex, where they do not. It’s tragic. And lovely. Just excellent work all around.